Greer estimates that it takes, on average, about 250 years for civilizations to decline and fall, and he finds no reason why modern civilization shouldn’t follow this “usual timeline.” [3] ...

Ed Conway's “Material World: The Six Raw Materials That Shape Modern Civilization” (Knopf) looks at the influence of the elements iron, copper and lithium — along with salt, oil and sand.

The reason renewables can’t power modern civilization is because they were never meant to. One interesting question is why anybody ever thought they could. Editorial Standards Reprints & Permissions ...

COAL AND MODERN CIVILIZATION. Share full article. Dec. 16, 1888. Credit... The New York Times Archives. See the article in its original context from December 16, 1888, Page 11 Buy Reprints.

Therefore, to build a modern civilization, we need to uphold openness and inclusiveness, carry forward and develop the fine traditional Chinese culture, promote the localization of foreign ...