The American Chemical ... of the 20th century. Iron is an important material in human history. Iron occurs only rarely as an elemental metal and usually requires processing from ore before it can be ...

Swiss archaeologist Eric Huysecom and cameraman Bernard Augustoni work with 13 master smelters to recreate the building of a traditional furnace for smelting iron in Mali ... for Visual Anthropology ...

Hagley Museum Already familiar with the smelting of gold, silver, and copper, metal smiths, possibly as early as 4,000 B.C., tried to use the techniques they already knew to smelt iron ore.

It's not clear how the Bantu gained their skills in iron working. The great smelting tradition of the Kushite Kingdom of Meroe (around 500 BC) did not spread either further west or towards the ...

In the early 18th century ... I experienced a new vigour. Iron-making in Pontypool and Bersham, lead and silver mining in Flintshire and Cardiganshire, copper smelting in Neath and Swansea ...