Every stepper motor has a stator and rotor, effectively like any other electric ... driven by two coils wound as two levels (top and bottom) with a common center tap, giving a total of five ...

As the motor turns, a permanent magnet passes by the reed switch and it makes the circuit. All of the electromagnets, which are wound in series, fire and kick the rotor forwards. Then the reed ...

All BEVs today use radial-flux motors. In a radial-flux motor, a doughnut-shaped wound-copper stator sits around a central rotor often embedded with a series of permanent magnets. They are ...